A low-voltage electrical appliance is a component or device that can manually or automatically switch circuits on or off according to external signals and requirements to achieve switching, control, protection, detection, transformation, and adjustment of circuits or non-electrical objects. According to the working voltage of the control electrical appliances, the AC 1200V, DC 1500V for the sector, can be divided into high-voltage control appliances and low-voltage control appliances in two categories. In general, low-voltage electrical appliances can be divided into two categories: electrical distribution appliances and control appliances. They are the basic components of complete electrical equipment. In the industries of industry, agriculture, transportation, national defense, and people's electricity, most of them use low-voltage power supply, so the quality of electrical components will directly affect the reliability of low-voltage power supply systems.
In the first half of 2013, the most important products imported by low-voltage electrical appliances in China were other connected electrical appliances, with an import value of US$3.9 billion, accounting for 58% of the total import volume. In addition, the import price of optical fiber connectors was US$300.82, while China’s exports were The price of the product is only US$47.85, which again shows that China’s exports are still dominated by low-price, middle- and low-end products, and the international competitiveness of high-end products still needs to be improved.
Now that the smart grid has entered the full implementation stage, it is expected that the total investment of the smart grid will be close to 4 trillion yuan. With the continuous expansion of domestic power facilities, the demand for low-voltage electrical appliances is expanding in recent years, but in the low-voltage electrical market While developing well, there are various problems in the market. First, the overall production capacity of domestic enterprises lags behind. At present, China's low-voltage electrical manufacturing companies are mainly concentrated in Beijing, Tianjin, Liaoning, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Guangdong. While promoting the development of the national economy, many problems have also been exposed.
The size of the first company is small and the number is excessive. At present, among the low-voltage electrical appliance manufacturers in China, there are only a few dozens of large-scale enterprises with annual sales revenue and total assets of over 500 million yuan. The vast majority are small and medium-sized enterprises, which results in the lack of economies of scale and competitiveness of enterprises; The number of production enterprises has increased from 600 in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China to several thousand today, and the number of companies is too many. As a result, economic resources have become too fragmented and inefficient.
The second regional structure converged and the duplicate construction was serious. China's low-voltage electrical appliances industry has blinded projects and stalls, and the convergence of industries in the region is serious. Low-level redundant construction has resulted in overproduction of products, low utilization of energy and raw materials, low economic efficiency, and regional protection and vicious competition.
At present, China's low-voltage electrical industry from simple assembly, imitative manufacturing to self-developed design, is now developed to nearly 1000 series, production of about 1,500 companies, with an annual output value of about 20 billion yuan. However, the domestic low-voltage electrical appliance manufacturing enterprises are small in scale and excessive in quantity, and more than 90% of the enterprises are in the middle and low-grade product repetitive production. Three generations of products coexist. Calculated according to output value, the market share of the first generation products is 15%, the market share of the second generation products is 45%, and the market share of the third generation products is 40%. According to the trend of national policies, in the period to come The structure of the inner low-voltage electrical products needs further adjustment. Products with backward processes, large volumes, high energy consumption and environmental pollution will be eliminated.
The situation of state-owned, private, and foreign-funded enterprises in the low-voltage electrical appliance industry has continued for many years. At present, ABB, Siemens, Schneider Electric and other international electric companies have fully entered the Chinese market, and while occupying the high-end product market, they have actively entered the domestic middle and low-end markets. With the globalization of the market, the mutual penetration of foreign-funded enterprises and domestic corporate markets is another inevitable trend in the development of the low-voltage electrical appliance industry. This penetration includes the penetration of high-end products from domestic companies into foreign markets; the products of foreign-funded enterprises will infiltrate domestic and low-end markets. However, as far as the domestic market is concerned, the current foreign-funded enterprises have strong R&D, design, and management capabilities. While domestic companies, especially private enterprises, have flexible business ideas and strong sales channels, they have a lot of differences in terms of company size and product quality. Capacity still needs to be strengthened. National and local governments should actively encourage enterprises and industrial clusters to extend the industrial value chain, support low-voltage electrical companies to develop in a specialized, refined, and special direction, and form a number of distinctive and focused industrial chains to drive industrial upgrading.
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